Anthro 2 – Summer 2003, Dr. Renger   Exam#1 Review Sheet

Lectures:    
First use of fire Upper Paleolithic Cave Art
Human diet (carnivore vs. vegetarian) Movement of humans out of Africa On the Origin of Species
empiricism    
     

Chapter 1

 

 

Holistic

Human paleontologist

Primates

Structural linguistics

Historical linguistics

Sociolinguistics

Ethnographer

Cross-cultural comparisons

Applied anthropology

Prosimians

Monkeys

Apes

Archaeology – archaeologists

Chimpanzees

Ethnologists Vs. ethnographers

“primitive” peoples

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 2

 

 

Cultural relativism

Subculture

Transmitters of culture

Symbolic aspect of language

Kenyan touching study

Norms

Random sampling

Maladaptive customs

Evolutionism

Cultural integration

Ethnocentrism

Non-human primate culture

“ideal cultural pattern”

Frequency distribution

Bell-shaped curve

Causes of culture change

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 3

 

 

Cultural ecology

Natural selection

Participant observation

Behavioral ecology

Individual selection

Group selection

Individual behavior

Group behavior

Theoretical construct

Hypothesis

Theory

Operational definition

Regional controlled comparison

Within-culture comparisons

Cross-cultural research

Human Relations Area Files

Statistical tests of significance

 

 

 

 

Chapter 4

 

 

Animal communication

Symbolic communication

Language acquisition device

Emergence of human language

Number of languages

Age of grammar development

Phone

Phoneme

Morph

Morpheme

Michael Krauss

Disappearing languages

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

“closed” communication system

Learning language

Pidgin language

Creole language

Indo-European languages

Descriptive grammar

Syntax

Heterogeneous speech

Homogeneous speech

French words in English

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Possible Extra-Credit Essay Topics for Exam #1 (optional):

 

  1. As archaeology deals with the past, what can archaeological knowledge do for humanity in the present and future?  Support your response.
  2. Why does simplicity of technology by a particular group, not necessarily imply backwardness?  Use an example of a group you have read about.
  3. Write an essay describing how the concept of cultural relativism could be used in foreigh policy decisions by the United States State Department.
  4. Why is it that the phenomenon of imperialism appears to arise around 5000 year ago?  What appears to be the driving force behind it and how has the phenomenon changed over the millennia.
  5. State the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in your own words.  Give an example of how this hypothesis may be applied using the concept of time as your model.
  6. Why are differences in pronunciation difficult to hear for native speakers and yet simple for non-native speakers?